LU 4 - Persuasion and argument

Persuasion is changing attitude, beliefs and action.
Persuasion does not use force and people must have choices.
Types of Persuasion include:

1. Propaganda
2. Indoctrination
3. Brainwashing
4. Manipulation
5. Sanctions
6. Seduction

Rank's Model can reinforce Persuasive techniques

Persuasion theories include:

1. Attitude change theory
2. Consistency theory
1. Balance theory
2. Congruency theory
3. Cognitive dissonance theory
4. Belief hierarchy theory
3. Learning theory
1. Classical conditioning
2. Skinner's behaviorism
3. Social learning theory

LU 2 - Verbal and Non Verbal Commmunication

Verbal Communication uses Symbols and referents to establish private and shared meaning. Words have denotations and connotations. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is an interesting approach.
In language we need to deal with the problems of:

1. Abstract language
2. Inferences
3. Dichotomies
4. Euphemisms

Language is framed by culture and this shapes:

1. Sexist language
2. powerful/powerless language
3. Meta communication

Non-verbal communication, can replace, reinforce or contradict verbal language.

it includes:

1. Kinesics
1. Facial expressions
2. Occulesics
3. Body movements
4. Hand gestures
2. Proxemics
3. Haptics
4. Chronemics
5. Physical appearance
6. Vocal Cues

LU 1 - Communication Science

Learning unit 1

What is Communication? Their are various elements in the communication process. It occurs in various contexts.
Communication is used to fulfill our needs. We use models to explain communication in the different contexts.

1. Shannon and Weaver
2. Lasswell
3. Osgood and Schramm
4. Noelle-Neumann

Effective communication is affected by:

1. Personality
2. Frame of Reference
3. Reasoning 
4. Emotions

LU 4 - Persuasion and argument

Persuasion is a concept with a specific application in communication. It can be used verbally and non-verbally. Persuasive messages play on people's needs; Maslow and Packard describe these needs. Persuaders should be consistent, rational, use evidence and have sound reasoning, whilst exhibiting credibility, both intrinsic and extrinsic. Messages can be organised; Spatially, time, deduction, induction, Psychologically and as problems/solutions. Persuaders can use one sided or two sided messages and appeal to fear, warmth or humour in the audience.

LU 3 - Organisational Communication

Unit 3

Organisational communication happens in any organisation. Principles such as communication, cooperation, and goals are relevent.  One model for organisational change involves; Unfreezing, changing and refreezing patterns within the organisation. Organisational culture involves: Artefacts, language, Behavioural concepts, Heroes, symbols, Phsychological phenomenon, organisational aspects. The functions of organisational communication include: Command function, relational function, and  Ambiguity Function.

Communication can be upward, downward, horizontal and diagonal. Power within an organisation is usually either coercive or reward driven.Theoretical approaches to organisational communication include: Classical Approach, human relations approach, human resources approach, systems approach, and a Cultural approach. Organisational technology is influencing organisational communication

The Good thing about having kids is you get to read their books

James Patterson is one of the planets most popular, prolific writers. I often tell my students not to accuse a writer or poet of not doing what he never intended to do. Jame Patterson writes across many genres and in many styles. This teenage series about mutants with wings addresses many teenage anxiety issues in the form of adventure and conquest /hero myth.If you were young once or see the future around you, you may enjoy the lightly written plots and characters.

Measure for Measure

Measure For Measure is one of Shakespeare's more difficult plays, in the "problem play" or "tragi-comedy" Genre. A play of moral consequences, Shakespeare borrows four literature archetypes.

1. The Corrupt Magistrate
2. The immoral deal or "deal with the Devil"
3. The bed swapping trick
4. The Disguised ruler

The sources  reveal a play of bawdiness and philosophy. 

Indeed the play moves between the sublime and the ridiculous.

Without detracting by retelling the plot, Some of the issues that M4M raise for me are:

• Is Isabella "lifeless" Does her wish to be become a nun reflect her fear of real life and the denunciation of Power, Status, and sex and all the joy and sadness that it brings. Is becoming a "bride of the lord" a cop out?
• What is justice? Following the law or following fairness
• When Vincentio saves Isabella by offering her marriage, how close is he to becoming Angelo?
• Vincentio  disguised as Friar Thomas is a religious symbol. This rest strangely with me. Imperfectly. Organised religion has a lot to answer for.

LU 2 - Intercultural com

Unit 2

Intercultural communication occurs more frequently in our shrinking world. The social science approach and interpretive approach and critical approach are three ways of looking at it. Key dimensions of intercultural communication include: Worldview, social norms and expectations, Invididual vs collectivism, high and low context cultures, Power distance, Masculinity vs femininity, uncertainty vs avoidance. Barriers to intercultural communication include ethnocentrism, stereotyping, group polarisation. To over come cultural barriers follow the seven guidelines of  Gudykunst and Kim.

It is important to define and explain  inter cultural communication. It is important to get inter-cultural communication right. It is explained with a variety of theories.

Social sciences approach to cross cultural communication Interpretive approach Critical approach
There are key dimensions to cultural communication

Individualism vs Collectivism Worldview Social norms and role expectation
as well as many Barriers to it. Seven principles  have been expounded to the process of building harmonious and divers communities.

It is important to define and explain  inter cultural communication. It is important to get inter-cultural communication right. It is explained with a variety of theories.

• Social sciences approach to cross cultural communication
• Interpretive approach
• Critical approach

There are key dimensions to cultural communication

• Individualism vs Collectivism
• Worldview
• Social norms and role expectation

as well as many Barriers to it. Seven principles  have been expounded to the process of building harmonious and divers communities.

LU 1 - Small Groups

Unit 1

Small groups, work together in different contexts. A small group is clearly defined and and there are different types. Some are even online groups. Each group has it's own set of norms. Group members have roles . Groups often have an ingroup bias and outsiders experience out-of-group-homogeneity. Members of a group apply pressure to the other members. When groups are large or in public it is easy for the bystander effect to occur, as well as risky shift phenomenon. Groups like cults, political groups or religions can be used to change society.

Groups can be used as instruments of change, involving; conformity, compliance and obediance

Online Groups cover a variety of  different www groups

Groups can become cults